Avant de rédiger, il faut posséder le vocabulaire de base sur les thèmes récurrents du programme de Seconde. Ce lexique te servira aussi bien pour les lettres que pour les rapports et les descriptions d'images.
| Thème | Key vocabulary | Example sentence |
|---|---|---|
| Family | parents, siblings, elder/younger brother, only child, in-laws, to get on with, to look after, household | "I get on very well with my elder sister." |
| Weather | rainy season, dry season, humid, scorching heat, thunderstorm, mild, chilly, drizzle | "It is scorching hot during the dry season in Congo." |
| Plans / Future | to intend to, to be planning to, to look forward to, ambition, goal, to achieve, career path | "I am planning to study medicine after my Baccalauréat." |
| Education | syllabus, timetable, homework, term, headmaster, boarding school, to sit an exam, to fail/pass, report card | "I sat my mock exam and I passed with good marks." |
| Health | to feel unwell, to catch a cold, to recover, a check-up, a prescription, to keep fit, balanced diet | "He caught malaria but he is recovering well now." |
| Sport & Leisure | to take part in, a match, a team, to train, to relax, a hobby, leisure time, to hang out with friends | "On Saturdays, we relax and hang out with friends." |
Conseil méthodologique : apprends ce vocabulaire par champ lexical (thème par thème) plutôt qu'en liste isolée : cela t'aide à réutiliser les mots directement dans une lettre ou un rapport sur le même sujet.
La lettre personnelle (personal / informal letter) s'adresse à un ami ou un parent. Le ton est chaleureux, les contractions (I'm, don't, we've) sont autorisées, et la structure suit un modèle précis.
12 Avenue de la Paix Pointe-Noire ← sender's address, top right, no full stop at line end Congo 20 July 2026 ← date, just below the address Dear Aline, ← greeting: "Dear" + first name + comma How are you? I hope everything is fine with you and your family. ← opening line (asks about the reader) I am writing to tell you about my new school. I have just started Seconde A and I really enjoy English classes. My timetable is quite busy this term because I also train for the volleyball team twice a week. ← body, paragraph 1: main news Next month, I am planning to visit my grandparents in Dolisie during the holidays. I can't wait to see them again! ← body, paragraph 2: plans Write back soon and tell me your news too. ← closing line Love, ← closing phrase (informal) Bella ← signature, first name only
Structure à retenir : adresse de l'expéditeur (en haut à droite) → date → salutation "Dear + prénom," → paragraphe d'ouverture → corps (1 à 3 paragraphes, une idée par paragraphe) → phrase de clôture → formule finale ("Love," / "Best wishes," / "Take care,") → signature (prénom seul).
La lettre formelle/professionnelle (business letter) s'adresse à une administration, un employeur ou une personne que l'on ne connaît pas personnellement. Elle exige un registre soutenu et une présentation stricte : pas de contractions, vocabulaire précis, ton neutre et respectueux.
Un avis (notice) est un texte court, informatif, affiché en public (école, club, quartier). Il va droit à l'essentiel : quoi, où, quand, sans détails superflus, souvent sans pronoms personnels.
NOTICE LOST LIBRARY BOOK A copy of "Things Fall Apart" was left in classroom 2A on Monday. Please return it to the school library before Friday. Thank you for your cooperation.
MEMO To: All Seconde A students From: The Class Delegate Date: 20 July 2026 Subject: Change of classroom Please note that from tomorrow, English lessons will take place in Room 5 instead of Room 2. Bring your textbooks as usual.
"I was born in Brazzaville in 2010. As a child, I was always curious about books, and my grandmother used to tell me stories every evening. When I started primary school, I quickly discovered my passion for languages..."
La ponctuation anglaise ressemble au français mais possède des règles particulières qu'il faut respecter à l'écrit pour être bien compris et bien noté.
| Règle | En anglais | Différence avec le français |
|---|---|---|
| Pronom "je" | "I" s'écrit toujours en majuscule, où qu'il soit dans la phrase | Le "je" français ne prend jamais de majuscule |
| Jours / mois | Monday, Tuesday, January, July… toujours avec une majuscule | En français : lundi, janvier (minuscule) |
| Nationalités / langues | Congolese, English, French… toujours avec une majuscule | En français : congolais, anglais (minuscule) |
| Titres de personnes | Mr, Mrs, Dr, Doctor + majuscule, souvent suivi d'un point (Mr.) en anglais américain | Les titres français ne prennent pas toujours de majuscule |
| Guillemets | Simples ' ' ou doubles " " placés directement autour du mot, sans espace | Le français utilise « » avec une espace insécable |
| Virgule après le salut | "Dear Aline," — toujours une virgule après la salutation | Le français utilise souvent une virgule aussi, mais la formule diffère ("Chère Aline,") |
| Paragraphing | Une idée = un paragraphe ; on saute une ligne ou on laisse un retrait (indent) entre paragraphes | Principe similaire au français mais plus strictement appliqué à l'écrit anglais |
Ces trois formes se conjuguent avec l'auxiliaire "be/have" à tous les temps : "had to", "was to", "will be obliged to", etc.
| Forme | Exemple |
|---|---|
| Affirmative | "The students write a report every term." |
| Negative | "The students do not write a report every term." |
| Active | "The teacher corrects the reports." |
| Passive | "The reports are corrected by the teacher." |
Règle de transformation active → passive : complément d'objet direct (COD) devient sujet + be + participe passé + "by" + agent (si utile). "The pupils clean the classroom." → "The classroom is cleaned by the pupils."
"This photograph shows a group of students sitting under a mango tree in a school yard. In the foreground, two girls are reading a book together, while in the background, other pupils are playing football. The atmosphere looks relaxed and friendly. This picture illustrates how Congolese pupils combine study and leisure during break time."
Méthode pour décrire une iconographie : 1) situer la scène générale (lieu, moment) ; 2) décrire les personnages/objets au premier plan puis à l'arrière-plan ; 3) décrire les actions et l'ambiance ; 4) conclure par le message ou l'idée que l'image véhicule.
Complète cette lettre informelle avec les mots suivants : Dear, Love, writing, planning, hope.
(1) ___ Paul,
I (2) ___ you are well. I am (3) ___ to tell you some good news: I am (4) ___ to visit you next month during the holidays.
(5) ___,
Marc
Rédige un avis (notice) de 3-4 lignes pour annoncer que le club de sport de ton lycée organise un tournoi de football samedi prochain à 15h dans la cour principale.
NOTICE FOOTBALL TOURNAMENT The school sports club will organize a football tournament next Saturday at 3 p.m. in the main schoolyard. All students are welcome!
Points clés vérifiés : titre en majuscules, informations essentielles (quoi/où/quand), ton direct, absence de pronoms personnels superflus.
Transforme les phrases actives suivantes à la voix passive.
Décris en 4-5 phrases une photographie qui montre : une classe de lycée, des élèves assis à leurs bureaux, un professeur devant un tableau, une carte de l'Afrique affichée au mur. Utilise la méthode vue dans le résumé de cours (scène générale, premier plan, arrière-plan, conclusion).
"This photograph shows a Seconde classroom during an English lesson. In the foreground, the pupils are sitting at their desks, listening carefully and taking notes. In the background, the teacher is standing in front of the blackboard, explaining a lesson, and a map of Africa is displayed on the wall. The atmosphere looks calm and studious. This picture illustrates a typical school day in a Congolese lycée."
Sujet : Choisis l'une des deux options suivantes.
15 Rue des Manguiers Brazzaville Congo 20 July 2026 Dear Ken, I hope this letter finds you in good health. I am writing to tell you about my plans for the coming holidays. First, my family and I are planning to travel to Dolisie to visit my grandparents. I am really looking forward to seeing them again after such a long time. While I am there, I intend to help my grandfather in the fields, because I enjoy country life. Besides, I have to prepare for the next school term, so I am planning to revise my English and Mathematics lessons every morning. In the afternoons, I will train with my volleyball team, as we have to be ready for the regional tournament in September. I hope you also have interesting plans. Write back soon and tell me all about them. Take care, Divine
REPORT ON THE SCHOOL VISIT TO THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Last Friday, the students of Seconde A visited the National Museum in Brazzaville, accompanied by two teachers. We arrived at 9 a.m. and a guide showed us the different rooms of the museum, which are dedicated to Congolese history and culture. We were particularly impressed by the traditional masks and the old photographs of the colonial period. After the visit, the students were allowed to ask questions, and the guide gave detailed answers. The trip ended at 1 p.m., and all the students agreed that it had been both instructive and enjoyable. In conclusion, this visit is to be recommended for future Seconde classes, as it helps students to be obliged to reflect on their own history and cultural identity.
Grille de correction : structure respectée (adresse/date/salutation pour la lettre, titre/paragraphes pour le rapport), ponctuation et majuscules correctes, paragraphing clair, vocabulaire thématique utilisé, modaux d'obligation intégrés naturellement.
In an informal letter, how do you address a close friend named Aline?
Where does the sender's address usually go in a British-style letter?
Which closing phrase is correct for a formal business letter when you don't know the recipient's name?
Which word must always be written with a capital letter in English, wherever it appears in the sentence?
Which sentence respects English capitalization rules?
"Students ___ wear the school uniform; it is a strict school rule." Choose the correct modal of obligation.
"According to the official timetable, the train ___ leave at 9 a.m." Which form expresses a formal arrangement?
"He was ___ to cancel the meeting because of the storm." Which expression fits, showing a moral/formal obligation?
Turn "The teacher corrects the essays." into the passive voice.
Which of these sentences is in the passive voice?
